The application of hyperspectral imaging technology in precision agriculture is mainly manifested in the monitoring of crop growth, physiological and biochemical characteristics and yield, quality status, and monitoring of pests and diseases, etc., providing technical guarantee for scientific management of crops and high yield and high efficiency.
Hyperspectral imaging technology integrates spectral technology and imaging technology into one, which can obtain the image information and spectral characteristics of the target object in food at the same time, thereby achieving efficient, fast, real-time and non-destructive detection of food. The application of hyperspectral imaging technology in food safety is mainly reflected in meat quality (such as color, tenderness, flavor, freshness, spoilage, fat, protein, moisture, PH value, etc.), fruits and vegetables (such as freshness, pesticide residues, rot, grade classification, etc.) and processed foods (if dried, biscuits, milk, etc.)
Real-time industrial sorting based on images and spectra originates from industrial color sorting technology. Color sorting technology for agricultural products and industrial raw materials sorting has gradually become an indispensable important link in product production. At present, the color sorter has become an important guarantee for the quality of various crops, including rice, soybeans, miscellaneous grains, tea, etc. The color sorter has been widely used. With the development of science and technology and the ever-increasing sorting requirements, industrial field sorting technology based on optics and images has gradually evolved from photoelectric, monochromatic linear array CCD and color linear array CCD to hyperspectral recognition technology. Color sorting technology has gradually expanded from the sorting of raw materials such as grain, quartz sand, table salt, sugar, etc. to the sorting of various industrial raw materials. Especially in recent years, the proposal of an environmentally friendly society, the recovery and reuse of various domestic industrial waste materials have created new opportunities for the development of color sorting technology.
Hyperspectral imaging technology provides accurate and efficient services for cultural relics detection, identification, repair, etc. It records the radiation, reflection, and scattering of electromagnetic waves by the target without revealing the target ’s comprehensive detection technology for characteristics, properties and changes. The technology has the feature of unifying maps and spectra, and can provide multiple spectral bands and high spectral resolution to detect the weak information of cultural relics on the ground. Hyperspectral remote sensing has the advantages of identifying weak information and quantitative detection.
The criminal investigation and forensics industries have more stringent requirements on the quality of images and the richness of information. Any subtle clues in the images may become the key to the tracking of the case. The application of hyperspectral imaging technology in the field of criminal investigation mainly includes blood stain detection, fingerprint extraction, handwriting discrimination, drug detection, paper currency discrimination, and explosive detection.
The ability of hyperspectral imaging to acquire the subtle differences in the spectrum of each pixel of the scene while imaging at a high spatial resolution makes it have features not found in other detection technologies. In the field of military camouflage, military targets can be found based on the different spectral characteristics of the background and the camouflage target. Through the spectral curve of the target, invert the target composition, so as to find the target and its camouflage different from the background environment.
The development and progress of remote sensing technology has opened up new ways for the monitoring and research of rivers and lakes. Remote sensing water quality monitoring technology has remarkable characteristics such as high dynamics, low cost and macroscopicity, and has the irreplaceable advantages of conventional detection in the study of river and lake water pollution. It can not only meet the needs of large-scale water quality monitoring, but also reflect the distribution and change of water quality in space and time, make up for the lack of water surface sampling alone, and also find the distribution of pollution sources and pollution that are difficult to be revealed by conventional methods. The migration characteristics and impact range of the objects provide a basis for scientifically setting water surface sampling points. Hyperspectral remote sensing is widely used in remote sensing water quality monitoring due to its high accuracy, multi-band, and large amount of information, which greatly improves the estimation accuracy of water quality parameters. The current commonly used water quality indicators for hyperspectral monitoring include chlorophyll a, total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), suspended matter (SM), turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen (DO), transparency, potassium permanganate index (PPI), PH value, etc.
In the field of biomedical applications, hyperspectral imaging is still a relatively new technology, but it has a wide range of potential uses as a non-invasive method for diagnosis and evaluation of treatment. This is because by measuring the reflection and absorption of light at different wavelengths, HSI has the ability to provide the spectral characteristics of each pixel from a hyperspectral image while providing information about different tissue components and their spatial distribution. At a specific wavelength, the chemical composition and physical characteristics of tissues in different pathological states have different reflectance, absorbance, and electromagnetic energy, which are characterized by differences in characteristic spectral peaks. By analyzing these spectral signals, qualitative or quantitative information on tissue status can be achieved detection, and according to the spatial distribution information provided by the hyperspectral image, realize the visual presentation of different disease states of the tissue, so as to realize the diagnosis of the disease state of the tissue. This capability of hyperspectral imaging technology is currently in the medical field and is increasingly used in disease detection and surgical guidance.
Hyperspectral imaging technology combines imaging technology and spectral technology to obtain both 2D spatial information and 1D spectral information. Based on this 3D spectral data cube, it is possible to detect and identify targets that are difficult to detect and identify by various traditional imaging technologies. The technology has been widely used in agriculture, food safety, water environmental protection, cultural relics protection, criminal investigation and physical inspection, industrial sorting, biomedicine and other fields. In addition to these fields, the forestry department currently applies hyperspectral imaging technology to tree growth and Pest and disease monitoring and tree species classification, the tobacco department applies it to the classification and classification of tobacco shreds and the detection of tobacco biochemical content, the mineral department applies it to the detection of mineral types and distribution, and the power department applies it to fiber inspection, insulator inspection, optoelectronics industry It is used for electric board inspection, etc.
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